College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences

Political Science

www.psci.vt.edu/

Timothy W. Luke, Chair
University Distinguished Professor: T. W. Luke
Edward S. Diggs Professor in the Social Sciences: E. Weisband
Professors: F. Debrix; K. M. Hult; I. A. Luciak; C. L. Taylor
Associate Professors: C. Apodaca; B. Koch; C. Lavin; D. J. Milly; W. D. Moore;
S. G. Nelson; I. Stivachtis; L. Zanotti
Assistant Professors: R. C. Briggs; P. Dixit; R. Kalyan; J. P. Kelly; C. Jewitt;
D. X. Medina Vidal; L. P. Plotica; B. Pula; A. J. Scerri
Emeritus Faculty: R.C. Rich; R.D. Shingles; C.E. Walcott
Internship Director: C. I. P. Thomas (231-2855)

students debating issues

Overview

    The department offers courses leading to degrees in Political Science and International Studies. These courses provide understanding of political systems, forms of government, international relations and other political processes throughout the world. Political science courses also offer preparation for careers in government, business, law, politics, and education.

General Option for the B.A. Degree

    In addition to required courses in the Curriculum for Liberal Education and the department’s general education requirements, a student majoring in political science must complete the following:

    1. LAHS 1004: First Year Experience: Introduction to a Research University
    2. PSCI 1014: Introduction to United States Government and Politics
    3. PSCI 1024: Introduction to Comparative Government and Politics
    4. PSCI 2014: Introduction to Political Theory
    5. PSCI 2024: Research Methods in Political Science
    6. PSCI 2054: Introduction to World Politics or
      PSCI 2064: Global Economy and World Politics
    7. 21 hours of political science electives (of which 18 at the 3000 or 4000 level)
      *Limit on Repeatable Courses: No more than six credit hours in any one of the following courses may contribute toward the 39 hours required by the major: internship (PSCI 4754), undergraduate research (PSCI 4994), independent study (PSCI 4974).
    8. One course in advanced theory and practice in Political Science
    9. 12 hours in 3000-4000 level courses in one of these related disciplines:

    Agricultural and Applied Economics, Communication, Economics, English, Geography, History, Philosophy, Psychology, Sociology, Urban Affairs and Planning, or a single foreign language.

Legal Studies Option for the B.A. Degree

    This option is intended to help students gain appreciation of one of western civilization's greatest intellectual achievements: the structure and application of the law. The option is not intended to be a pre-law program, although students hoping to attend law school may enroll for the option and may well benefit from its completion. In addition to meeting the requirements of the Curriculum for Liberal Education and the department’s general education requirements, a student taking the legal studies option must complete:

    1. LAHS 1004: First Year Experience: Introduction to a Research University
    2. PSCI 1014: Introduction to United States Government and Politics
    3. PSCI 1024: Introduction to Comparative Government and Politics
    4. PSCI 2014: Introduction to Political Theory
    5. PSCI 2024: Research Methods in Political Science
    6. PSCI 2054: Introduction to World Politics or
    7. PSCI 2064: Global Economy and World Politics
      Two of the following courses:
      PSCI 3354: Constitutional Law: Structures and Relationships
      PSCI 3364: Constitutional Law: Civil and Political Rights
      PSCI 3334: Judicial Process
      PSCI 4324: Senior Seminar in Constitutional Law
    8. PHIL 1204: Knowledge and Reality
    9. PHIL 1304: Morality and Justice
    10. 15 hours of political science electives (of which 12 at the 3000 or 4000 level)
      *Limit on Repeatable Courses: No more than six credit hours in any one of the following courses may contribute toward the 39 hours required by the major: internship (PSCI 4754), undergraduate research (PSCI 4994), independent study (PSCI 4974).
    11. One course in advanced theory and practice in Political Science
    12. 12 hours of courses from among the following:

      AAEC 3314: Environmental Law
      AAEC 3604: Agricultural Law
      AAEC 4754: Real Estate Law
      COMM 4024: Communications Law and Ethics
      COS 4314: Current Topics in Science, Technology and Law
      COS 4324: Global Aspects of Intellectual Property Law
      ECON 4894: Law and Economics
      ENGL 3684: Literature and the Law
      FIN 3055: Legal Environment of Business
      FIN 4004: Wills, Trusts, and Estates
      FIN 4014: Internet, Electronic and Online Law
      HIST 4224: Topics in Legal and Constitutional History
      PHIL 4334: Jurisprudence
      SOC 3414: Criminology
      SOC 4404: Sociology of Law
      SOC 4434: Advanced Topics in Criminology
      UAP 4344: Law of Critical Environmental Areas
      UAP 4754: Legal Foundations of Planning

National Security Option for the B.A. Degree

    This option is intended to help students understand policy making in relation to the national security of the United States.  Students are directed toward courses in foreign and military policy and the presidential and congressional branches of government.

    1. LAHS 1004: First Year Experience: Introduction to a Research University
    2. PSCI 1014: Introduction to United States Government and Politics
    3. PSCI 1024: Introduction to Comparative Government and Politics
    4. PSCI 2014: Introduction to Political Theory
    5. PSCI 2024: Research Methods in Political Science
    6. PSCI 2054: Introduction to World Politics or
      PSCI 2064: Global Economy and World Politics
    7. Three of the following courses:
      PSCI 3314: Congress
      PSCI 3324: The Presidency
      PSCI 3564: Violent Political Change
      PSCI 3625: Foreign Policies of the Super Powers I
      PSCI 3626: Foreign Policies of the Super Powers II
      PSCI 3734: National Security
      PSCI 3794: Terrorism and Counterterrorism
      PSCI 4734: Theories and Practices of International Conflict Management
      PSCI 4744: Intelligence Analysis Workshop
    8. 12 hours of political science electives (of which 9 at the 3000 or 4000 level)
      *Limit on Repeatable Courses: No more than six credit hours in any one of the following courses may contribute toward the 39 hours required by the major: internship (PSCI 4754), undergraduate research (PSCI 4994), independent study (PSCI 4974).
    9. One course in advanced theory and practice in Political Science
    10. 12 hours of courses from among the following:

      COMM 4044: International Communication
      GEOG 3034: The CIA
      GEOG 4084: Introduction to Geographic Information Systems
      GEOG 4314: Spatial Analysis in Geographic Information Systems
      GEOG 4354: Introduction to Remote Sensing
      HIST 3264: The United States in Latin America
      HIST 3394: Europe Since World War II
      HIST 3484: Twentieth-Century Germany
      HIST 3524: European Military History to 1789  
      HIST 3534: Modern Military History
      HIST 3544: World War II
      HIST 3554: Age of Globalization
      HIST 3594: The Rise of Modern Latin America
      HIST 3644: Twentieth-Century Russia
      HIST 3654: The Arab-Israeli Dispute
      HIST 3664: Revolutionary China
      HUM 3204: Multicultural Communication
      SOC 3504: Population Trends and Issues

Minor

    A minor in political science may be obtained by completing:

    1. PSCI 1014: Introduction to United States Government and Politics;
    2. PSCI 1024: Introduction to Comparative Government and Politics;
    3. PSCI 2014: Introduction to Political Theory; or PSCI 3015 or 3016: Political Theory;
    4. 9 hours of political science electives (of which 6 at the 3000 or 4000 level).

Regarding Double Majors

    The Department of Political Science offers majors in both Political Science and International Studies. Courses for the two majors overlap significantly. Therefore, students may not pursue both majors simultaneously, nor major in one and minor in the other.

Advising

    The department provides advisors to help students understand and meet degree requirements. Career counseling also is available in the department, as is advising for students interested in attending law school after graduation from Virginia Tech.

Internships

    The department arranges academic credit for internships in state, local, and federal governments, nonprofit organizations, and other appropriate settings. The department's internship program offers students a chance to gain career-related experience in a wide variety of organizations. Information on these opportunities can be obtained from the internship director.

Student Organizations

    To provide opportunities for informal association of faculty and students, the department sponsors the Political Science Club, a chapter of Phi Alpha Delta, the pre-law honor fraternity, a chapter of Pi Sigma Alpha, the national honor society in political science, and other student organizations. Information about these activities, as well as about any other aspect of the department, may be obtained from the department chair, advisors, or the department office.

Satisfactory Progress

    University policy requires that students who are making satisfactory progress toward a degree meet minimum criteria toward the Curriculum for Liberal Education (see Academics chapter in this catalog), toward the department’s general education requirements, and toward the degree in Political Science.

    Satisfactory progress toward the B.A. in political science requires completion of PSCI 1014, 1024, and 2024 within the first 60 credit hours attempted. Students must also maintain an in-major GPA of 2.0 and must achieve a minimum grade of C in both PSCI 1014 and 1024.

Study Abroad

    Virginia Tech offers a variety of study abroad programs.

Honors

    Honors courses are offered in Political Science. Majors in the department also may be admitted into the University Honors Program. In this program, they may choose among a variety of honors diplomas. Several of these require a senior honors thesis written under the direction of a faculty member in the department.

Undergraduate Course Descriptions (PSCI)

PSCI 1004: NATIONS AND NATIONALITIES
Introduction to world and American ethnic and indigenous cultures and to social constructions of human and group identity, nationalism and extreme ethno-nationalism. Music, dance, film, art, ceremonial rituals and other multimedia forms of creative or symbolic expression, supplement readings and lectures. Multidisciplinary exploration of collective conceptions of cultural differences. (3H,3C)

1014: INTRODUCTION TO UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Government and politics of the United States; the Constitution, political culture, interest groups, political parties, elections, Congress, bureaucracy, presidency, and federal courts; selected current policy issues. (3H,3C) I,II,III,IV.

1014H: HONORS INTRODUCTION TO UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
(3H,3C)

1024: INTRODUCTION TO COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Government and politics of selected countries outside the United States; nature of politics and government, types of political systems, linkages of people and governments, and current political issues. (3H,3C)
I,II,III,IV.

1024H: HONORS INTRODUCTION TO COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
(3H,3C)

1034 (IS 1034): INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AND POLITICAL SCIENCE
Introduces students to the fields of International Studies and Political Science and their respective subfields. Familiarizes students with the undergraduate programs in International Studies and Political Science and emphasizes student preparation for careers in the respective fields. Focuses on inquiry, problem-solving, and integration of ideas and experiences with a focus on International Studies and Political Science. Familiarizes students with the basic principles of the research and writing principles. (3H,3C)

2014: INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL THEORY
Examines central themes involved in the practices of normative political theory.  Topics will include critical review of the historical origins, established traditions, and major themes in normative political thinking.
(3H,3C)

2024: RESEARCH METHODS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE
Introduction to research in political science; formulation of theory, operationalization and measurement, gathering, analysis and interpretation of data. Pre: 1014 or 1014H, 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C) I,II,III,IV.

2054 (GEOG 2054) (IS 2054): INTRODUCTION TO WORLD POLITICS
An introduction to the prevalent methods and theories in the study of world politics.  Topics include:  historical context of contemporary world politics, global actors and power relations, international conflict and conflict resolution, international systems, interdependence, trade and integration, international law and prospects for global governance.
(3H,3C)

2064 (GEOG 2064) (IS 2064): THE GLOBAL ECONOMY AND WORLD POLITICS
An introduction to the interaction of politics and economics, power and wealth, within the world political economy. Topics include: the international financial system, the dynamics and principles of trade, and the role of transnational firms, as well as issues of environmental protection, sustainable development, and the distribution of wealth and power. (3H,3C)

2894 (ECON 2894) (PHIL 2894): INTRODUCTION PHILOSOPHY, POLITICS, AND ECONOMICS
Integrated study of philosophy, politics, and economics. Trains students to make decisions that are not only economically sound, but also socially, ethically, and politically informed. Topics included: models of human nature, rational choice theory, social cooperation, distributive justice, markets, and democracy. (3H,3C)

2964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2974H: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Honors section. Variable credit course.

2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

3015,3016 (PHIL 3015, 3016): POLITICAL THEORY
Analysis of the fundamental ideas in the history of political theory.  3015: Plato to the 17th century.  3016: late 17th century to the present. I. Pre: 2014. (3H,3C)

3114 (IS 3114): GLOBAL SECURITY
Explores various theoretical approaches to security and discusses traditional and non-traditional security issues. Focuses on global, international and regional security challenges and examines alternative strategic and tactical solutions for addressing them. Pre: IS 2054 or PSCI 2054 or GEOG 2054. (3H,3C)

3115,3116 (IS 3115, 3116): SELECTED WORLD PROBLEMS
Selected world problems and how they affect various countries. Each semester, a topic will be chosen. (3H,3C)

3214: POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
Levels and types of political participation; reasons for participation; who participates and why; effects of political activity on political processes. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H or 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3224: PUBLIC OPINION
Sources and distribution of public opinion; measurement of public opinion; relationships between public opinion and public policy; institutions linking public opinion to government decisions. I.
Pre: 1014 or 1014H or 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3234: VOTING AND ELECTIONS
Voting, elections, and support for political parties and party leaders in the United States and other Western democracies; impact of economic conditions on political support and patterns of realignment and de-alignment. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H or 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3244 (COMM 3244): POLITICAL COMMUNICATION
Distribution of political information; elite-mass communication; alternative models of political communication; communication and telecommunications policy. Pre: 1014 or 1014H or 1024 or 1024H.
(3H,3C)

3255,3256: THE POLITICS OF RACE, ETHNICITY AND GENDER
Studies the status and political behavior of selected political minorities.  3255: compares African-, Mexican- and Native-Americans.  3256: examines diverse political responses to traditional gender roles, current gender issues, and the unique gender problems facing people of color. I. Pre: 1014 or 1024. (3H,3C)

3264: INTEREST GROUPS
Formation, structure, activities, and regulation of interest groups; comparison of American interest groups with those in other countries; evaluation of interest groups as participants in the political process. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H or 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3274: POLITICAL PARTIES
Development, organization, activities, and personnel of political parties; citizens' partisan attitudes and behavior; origins, characteristics, stability, and changes of party systems. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H or 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3314: CONGRESS
Congressional structure; organization and procedure; characteristics of members of Congress; Congressional elections; decision-making and external influences; change and reform. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3324: THE PRESIDENCY
Election, institutionalization, staffing, relations with Congress, and the bureaucracy; initiation and implementation of public policy. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C) II.

3334: JUDICIAL PROCESS
Structure and functions of American legal institutions; participants in the process, impact of legal institutions on society. Pre: 1014 or 1014H.
(3H,3C) II.

3344 (UAP 3344): GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES: INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES
Critical examination of major global environmental problems (e.g., global warming, atmospheric ozone depletion, acid rain, tropical deforestation, toxic waste) with emphasis on their social, economic, political, ethical, and policy implications and solutions. Pre: completion of Area 4 of University Core. (3H,3C) II.

3354: CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: STRUCTURES AND RELATIONSHIPS
Power and authority of president, Congress, and courts; division of powers between states and federal government. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3364: CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS
Civil rights and liberties; rights of criminal defendants; competing conceptions of constitutional rights. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3414 (UAP 3434): PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The role and context of public administration in the contemporary United States, administrative organization and decision-making, public finance, human resources administration, and program implementation. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3424: STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Institutions, functions, and policies of state, county, and municipal governments in the U.S.; issues confronting these governments in the federal system. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3434: URBAN POLITICS
Basic concepts of urban politics; governmental structures, policy processes, and political conflicts in U.S. cities, policy options for coping with urban problems. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C) II.

3444 (UAP 3444): ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND POLICY
The legal context of the exercise of discretion by public administrators in the United States.  Adjudication and rule-making; access to administrative processes and information; legislative and judicial control of administration. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3514: LATIN AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Introduction to the political systems of Latin American countries, including legislative-executive relations, interest groups, political parties, electoral systems, political violence, and socio-political development. Pre: 1014H or 1024. (3H,3C) II.

3515,3516: EUROPEAN POLITICAL SYSTEMS
The government and politics of selected European states and of the European Union.  3515:  normally includes the United Kingdom.  3516:  normally includes Germany and Hungary. I. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3524: POLITICS OF POST-COMMUNIST SYSTEMS
Institutions, party structures, political economy, elite politics, ethnic conflicts, leadership dynamics, and mass political behavior in Russia and other post-communist political systems. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C) II.

3534: AFRICAN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Survey of major concepts and themes in the study of African politics and development:  analyses of the state, political institutions, social forces, democratization, sustainable development, issues of contemporary African politics. I. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3544 (JUD 3544) (RLCL 3544): THE STATE OF ISRAEL: A POLITICAL HISTORY
This course provides a survey on the political history of the State of Israel and highlights major themes uniquely characterizing the specific events surrounding its establishment and its first 50 years of existence. Additionally, the course will add a comparative dimension by using the political history of Israel as a case study to discuss major themes in political science such as democracy, government, political economy, etc.
Pre: 1024 or 1024H or JUD 2134. (3H,3C)

3554: COMPARATIVE POLITICAL ECONOMY
Economic policies and collective choice processes of pre-industrial, industrializing, and advanced industrial states; problems and crises of industrial development, economic distribution, and technological transfer in the transition from an agrarian to advanced industrial society. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C) II.

3564: VIOLENT POLITICAL CHANGE
Historical origins, political processes, and institutional outcomes of violent political change, rising from mass protest movements, revolutionary organization, military coups, and radical political parties. I. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3574: GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS OF JAPAN
Introduction to governmental institutions, patterns of political organization and behavior, and key policies of the Japanese political system. I. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3584: GOVERNMENTS AND POLITICS OF ASIA
Introduction to governmental institutions, political behavior, and social and economic policy approaches of China and other selected countries in the Asian region. I. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3615-3616: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Structure and development of the modern international system; theories of international politics; international law; international organizations. I. Pre: IS 2054 or PSCI 2054 or GEOG 2054 or PSCI 2064 or IS 2064 or GEOG 2064 for 3615;  2054 or IS 2054 or GEOG 2054 or PSCI 2064 or IS 2064 or GEOG 2064 for 3616. (3H,3C)

3624 (IS 3624): FOREIGN POLICY AND DIPLOMACY
Focuses on actors, issues, and processes pertaining to foreign policy formulation and implementation. Examines theoretical and historical perspectives on foreign policy analysis. Investigates the national security, foreign policy, and diplomacy nexus. Discusses types of diplomacy and diplomatic methods. Pre: IS 2054 or PSCI 2054 or GEOG 2054.
(3H,3C)

3625,3626: FOREIGN POLICIES OF THE SUPER POWERS
3625: Formulation of American foreign policy; roles of the President, Congress, press, public, and bureaucracy; central themes, issues, and problems of American diplomacy; 3626: Development and operational practices of Russian foreign policy decision-making in the international environment; party and state political institutions; Marxist-Leninist ideology. I. Pre: 1024 or 1024H. (3H,3C)

3634: HUMAN RIGHTS: GLOBAL ISSUES
Identification, articulation and clarification of the relationship between human rights and other contemporary international phenomena, issues, events, and processes that affect human rights. Detailed consideration of the diverse traditions and cultural interpretations of human rights. Pre: 1024 or 2054 or IS 2054 or GEOG 2054. (3H,3C)

3684 (AINS 3684): INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND WORLD POLITICS
A survey of the historical and contemporary struggles of indigenous peoples throughout the world.  Examines the dynamics of colonialism (internal and external), identity construction, gender, cultural integrity, and the ongoing global indigenous rights discourse.  In addition to covering broad global processes/theoretical approaches, comparative case studies of particular indigenous groups, such as the Maasai (Kenya, Tanzania) and Mayans (Mexico, Guatemala, Belize), are used to highlight the global, regional and intra-community diversity among contemporary indigenous peoples. (3H,3C)

3704 (IS 3704): NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY
Focuses on the causes of war and the conditions of peace. Examines the logic, levels, and outcomes of strategy and investigates the impact of international law and politics on the use of force. Explores contemporary strategic theory and discusses current issues in grand strategy. Pre: IS 2054 or PSCI 2054 or GEOG 2054. (3H,3C)

3714 (UAP 3714): THE U. S. POLICY PROCESS
Description and analysis of the processes and institutions involved in the making and implementation of public policy in the United States, with a primary focus on domestic and economic policy.  Empirical and normative models of the process of public policy making in the U.S. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3724: POVERTY AND WELFARE POLICY
Public policies regarding the poor, impact of current policies; future policy options. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3734: NATIONAL SECURITY
Post-1945 strategic problems, policies, and security commitments of major participants in international politics, especially the United States and Russia; effects of security policies on international and domestic political economies. I. Pre: 2054 or IS 2054 or GEOG 2054. (3H,3C)

3744 (UAP 3744): PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSIS
Methods and approaches used in the analysis and evaluation of public policy; strengths and limitations of various analytic tools; normative issues in the practice of policy analysis. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C) II.

3754: AMERICAN POLITICAL THEORY
American political theory from the pre-Revolutionary era to the present.  American contribution to the understanding of freedom, equality, political community, constitutionalism, political dissent, and the welfare state. I. Pre: 1014 or 1014H. (3H,3C)

3764: CONTEMPORARY DEMOCRATIC THEORY
History and critiques of classical theories of democracy; contradictions within and contemporary problems facing democracy; future of democracy according to conservative, liberal, and radical theoretical perspectives.
Pre: 2014, (3015 or 3016). (3H,3C) II.

3774 (UAP 3774): MARXIAN POLITICAL ANALYSIS
Contemporary uses of Marxian concepts and theories to study the world economy, business structure, current social issues, modern ethical values, and alienation. Pre: 2014, (3016 or 3554). (3H,3C) II.

3784: ORIGINS OF THE STATE
Theories of the origins of politics and government; evidence of state formation in prehistoric societies; political behavior in contemporary pre-literate societies as precursor to state formation. Pre: 2014, (3015 or 3016). (3H,3C) II.

3794 (IS 3794): TERRORISM AND COUNTERTERRORISM
Examines approaches to the categorizations and causes of terrorism and discusses national and regional understanding of terrorism. Explores official and popular understandings of terrorism over time and across regions and investigates how social actors legitimate their use of violence. Focuses on the development of useful counterterrorism policies and utilizes case studies in terrorism and counterterrorism to emphasize the link between theory and practice. Pre: IS 2054 or PSCI 2054 or GEOG 2054. (3H,3C)

3984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4214: SENIOR SEMINAR IN POLITICAL BEHAVIOR
Political behavior: socialization, voting, opinion formation and expression, decision-making in government, as explained by personality, rationality, culture, class, and institutional roles.  Topics vary from semester to semester as announced. Must have senior standing. Pre: 3214 or 3224 or 3234 or 3244 or 3264 or 3274. (3H,3C)

4314: SENIOR SEMINAR IN POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
Selected topics in political institutions, including decision-making, types and structures of political institutions, internal and external influences on institutional behavior.  Topics vary from semester to semester. Must have senior standing. X-grade allowed. Pre: 3314 or 3324 or 3334 or 3515 or 3516 or 3524. (3H,3C)

4324: SENIOR SEMINAR IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW
Cases, law review articles, and related materials containing describing, or commenting on major decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court.  Topics vary from semester to semester as announced. Must have senior standing. Pre: 3354 or 3364. (3H,3C)

4414: SENIOR SEMINAR IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Selected topics in public administration, including norms of practice, government personnel, administrative process, administrative law, privatizing, and contracting. Topics vary from semester to semester as announced. Must have senior standing. Pre: 3414 or 3424 or 3444. (3H,3C)

4514: SENIOR SEMINAR IN COMPARATIVE POLITICS
Selected topics in the comparative analysis of political behavior, processes, and institutions; cross-national institutional and aggregate data analysis.  Topics vary from semester to semester as announced. Must have senior standing. Pre: 3515 or 3516 or 3524 or 3554 or 3564 or 3514 or 3534 or 3544 or 3574 or 3584. (3H,3C)

4614: SENIOR SEMINAR IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Selected topics in international relations, including objectives of national policy, dimensions and components of national power, comparative diplomacy, international conflict and cooperation, instruments for conflict resolution.  Topics vary from semester to semester as announced. Must have senior standing and any two of the prerequisites. Pre: 3615 or 3616 or 3625 or 3626 or 3734. (3H,3C)

4624 (UAP 4624): THE WASHINGTON SEMESTER: SEMINAR IN AMERICAN POLITICS AND PUBLIC POLICY
This seminar is the integrative forum for the principal elements of the Washington Semester experience.  The course explores both the role of political institutions in policy formation and implementation and the primary managerial and leadership challenges that arise for implementing organization managers in American democratic public policy-making.  PRE: Junior standing or instructor consent and acceptance into the Washington Semester program. X-grade allowed. (3H,3C) III,IV.

4644 (UAP 4644): THE WASHINGTON SEMESTER: POLITICS, POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION IN A DEMOCRACY
This course is part of the Washington Semester.  Explores the relationship between the imperatives of democratic mobilization, policy choices and organizational choices through intensive study of the operating context of a selected public or nonprofit organization.  Examines implications of policy-maker choices for implementing institution dynamics and challenges.  Junior standing and acceptance into the Washington Semester program required. X-grade allowed. Pre: 3714. (3H,3C) III,IV.

4714: SENIOR SEMINAR IN POLICY ANALYSIS
Theoretical, analytical, and methodological approaches used to assess government activities and public policy. Topics vary from semester to semester as announced. Must have senior standing. Pre: 3724, 3734. (3H,3C)

4724: SENIOR SEMINAR IN POLITICAL THEORY
Selected topics in analytic political philosophy, contemporary ideologies, and democratic theory.  Topics vary from semester to semester as announced.  Senior standing required. Must have senior standing and any two of the prerequisites. Pre: 3015 or 3016 or 3764 or 3754 or 3774.
(3H,3C)

4734 (IS 4734): THEORIES AND PRACTICES OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Examines alternative perspectives on peace, security, and international intervention and their implications for policy. Focuses on the role international organizations and other actors in conflict resolution and peace-building and explores issues pertaining to humanitarian intervention, human security, and state-building. Utilizes case studies in peacekeeping and peace building to highlight the link between theory and practice. Pre: 3616. (3H,3C)

4735-4736 (IS 4735-4736): MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY WORKSHOP
Investigates the purpose, context, and process of multilateral diplomacy and focuses on the strategies and tactics associated with it. Examines format and products of multilateral conferences, decision-making process, negotiations, mediation delegation management, and conference management. Utilizes case studies and simulations. 4735: focuses on multilateral diplomacy at the United Nations. 4736: focuses on multilateral diplomacy in the framework of regional international organizations. Pre: IS 2054 or PSCI 2054 or GEOG 2054 for 4735; 4735 for 4736. (3H,3C)

4744 (IS 4744): INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS WORKSHOP
Examines the impact of historical experience and bureaucratic structures on intelligence analysis. Discusses the contents of the intelligence agenda and explores issues pertaining to intelligence analysis. Focuses on the intelligence process and offers a target-centric approach to intelligence analysis. Emphasizes and evaluates the use of structured analytic techniques in intelligence analysis. Pre: IS 2054 or PSCI 2054 or GEOG 2054. (3H,3C)

4754: INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
Qualified students are placed in an administrative or legislative staff position under the combined supervision of a faculty member and a responsible supervisor in the employing agency.  Detailed reports on the internship experience and a specific project will be required of each intern.  (Variable credit to maximum of 6 credits for a full-time position over an entire semester).  Three hours of appropriate advanced American government courses, Junior standing, a screening interview, GPA of 3.00 or better and consent required. Variable credit course. X-grade allowed. I,II.

4964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course. X-grade allowed.

4974H: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Honors section. Variable credit course.

4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

4994H: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Honors section. Variable credit course.


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